Engraved Steel Dagger with Nephrite Jade Ewe-Shaped Hilt

The practice of carving dagger hilts with animal heads became popular at the Mughal court of South Asia in the 11th century AH/second quarter of the 17th century CE. Portraits of the emperors and court officials provide evidence for the use and display of this type of dagger especially during the reigns of Jahangir (r. 1013-1037 AH/1605-27 CE) and Shah Jahan (r. 1037-1068 AH/1628-58 CE). Rams, nilgai and horses were among the most frequently depicted animals; this hilt represents an ewe with long ears, partly-opened mouth revealing tiny rows of teeth, and minutely detailed curling wool. The blade and scabbard may be from different daggers.